LGBTQ+ Youth and Digital Media Use

Abreu, R. L., & Kenny, M. C. (2018). Cyberbullying and LGBTQ youth: A systematic literature review and recommendations for prevention and intervention. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 11, 81-97.

Angoff, H.D., & Barnhart, W.R. (2021). Heterosexual youth from an intersectional perspective: Findings from the 2017 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Journal of School Violence, 20(3), 274-286. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2021.1879099

Berger, M. N., Taba, M., Marino, J. L., Lim, M. S. C., Cooper, S. C., Lewis, L., Albury, K., Chung, K. S. K., Bateson, D., & Skinner, S. R. (2021). Social media’s role in support networks among LGBTQ adolescents: a qualitative study. Sexual Health (14485028), 18(5), 421–431. https://doi-org.ezproxy.msvu.ca/10.1071/SH21110 

Bond, B. J., & Miller, B. (2024). YouTube as my space: The relationships between YouTube, social connectedness, and (collective) self-esteem among LGBTQ individuals. New Media & Society, 26(1), 513-533.

Brinkman, L., & Francot, R. (2022). Developing a resilient sexual and gender minority identity online: The importance of social media for youth before coming out. In LGBT+ Communities-Creating Spaces of Identity. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108208

Chan, R.C.H. (2023). Benefits and risks of LGBT social media use for sexual and gender minority individuals: An investigation of psychosocial mechanisms of LGBT social media use and well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107531 

Charmaraman, L., Hodes, R., & Richer, A. M. (2021). Young sexual minority adolescent experiences of self-expression and isolation on social media: Cross-sectional survey study. JMIR mental health, 8(9), e26207. https://doi.org/10.2196/26207  

Common Sense Media, Hopelab. (2024). Getting Help Online: How Young People Find, Evaluate, and Use Mental Health Apps, Online Therapy, and Behavioral Health Information. https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/research/report/2024-getting-help-online-hopelab-report_final-release-for-web.pdf 

Downing, G. (2013). Virtual youth: non-heterosexual young people’s use of the internet to negotiate their identities and socio-sexual relations. Children’s Geographies, 11(1), 44-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2013.743280  

Escobar-Viera, C. G., Choukas-Bradley, S., Sidani, J., Maheux, A. J., Roberts, S. R., & Rollman, B. L. (2022). Examining social media experiences and attitudes toward technology-based interventions for reducing social isolation among LGBTQ youth living in rural United States: an online qualitative study. Frontiers in Digital Health, 4, 900695. 

Escobar-Viera, C. G., Porta, G., Coulter, R. W. S., Martina, J., Goldbach, J., & Rollman, B. L. (2023). A chatbot-delivered intervention for optimizing social media use and reducing perceived isolation among rural-living LGBTQ+ youth: Development, acceptability, usability, satisfaction, and utility. Internet interventions, 34, 100668. https://doi-org.ezproxy.msvu.ca/10.1016/j.invent.2023.100668 

Fisher, C. B., Tao, X., & Ford, M. (2024). Social media: A double-edged sword for LGBTQ+ youth. Computers in Human Behavior, 156, 108194.

Gámez-Guadix, M., & Incera, D. (2021). Homophobia is online: Sexual victimization and risks on the internet and mental health among bisexual, homosexual, pansexual, asexual, and queer adolescents. Computers in human behavior, 119, 106728. 

Herrmann, L., Bindt, C., Hohmann, S., & Becker-Hebly, I. (2023). Social media use and experiences among transgender and gender diverse adolescents. International Journal of Transgender Health, 25(1), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2023.2252410 

Hiebert, A., & Kortes-Miller, K. (2021). Finding home in online community: exploring TikTok as a support for gender and sexual minority youth throughout COVID-19. Journal of LGBT Youth, 20(4), 800–817. https://doi.org/10.1080/19361653.2021.2009953 

Kahle, L. (2020). Are Sexual Minorities More at Risk? Bullying Victimization Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Questioning Youth. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 35(21-22), 4960-4978. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260517718830 

Khanna, N., Maxwell, E., & Craig, W. (2023, March). Examining Key Populations in the Context of Implementing Cyberbullying Prevention and Intervention Initiatives. Public Safety Canada. https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/2023-r006/index-en.aspx#s3.3 

Madden, M., Calvin, A., & Hasse, A. (2024). A Double-Edged Sword: How Diverse Communities of Young People Think About the Multifaceted Relationship Between Social Media and Mental Health. Common Sense Media. https://www.commonsensemedia.org/research/double-edged-sword-how-diverse-communities-of-young-people-think-about-social-media-and-mental-health 

McInroy, L. B., McCloskey, R. J., Craig, S. L., & Eaton, A. D. (2019). LGBTQ+ Youths’ Community Engagement and Resource Seeking Online versus Offline. Journal of Technology in Human Services, 37(4), 315–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2019.1617823 

McInroy, L. B., Beer, O. W., Scheadler, T. R., Craig, S. L., & Eaton, A. D. (2024). Exploring the psychological and physiological impacts of digital microaggressions and hostile online climates on LGBTQ+ youth. Current Psychology, 43(3), 2586-2596. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04435-1  

McInroy, L. B., & Craig, S. L. (2018). Online fandom, identity milestones, and self-identification of sexual/gender minority youth. Journal of LGBT Youth, 15(3), 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1080/19361653.2018.1459220 

Nagata, J. M., Balasubramanian, P., Iyra, P., Ganson, K. T., Testa, A., He, J., Glidden, D. V., & Baker, F. C. (2024). Screen use in transgender and gender-questioning adolescents: Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Annals of epidemiology, 95, 6–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.04.013 

Nagata, J. M., Lee, C. M., Yang, J., Al-Shoaibi, A. A. A., Ganson, K. T., Testa, A., & Jackson, D. B. (2023). Associations between sexual orientation and early adolescent screen use: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Annals of epidemiology, 82, 54–58.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.03.004 

Nath, R., Matthews, D.D., DeChants, J.P., Hobaica, S., Clark, C.M., Taylor, A.B., Muñoz, G. (2024). 2024 U.S. National Survey on the Mental Health of LGBTQ+ Young People. The Trevor Project. www.thetrevorproject.org/survey-2024 

Pagliaccio, D., Tran, K. T., Visoki, E., DiDomenico, G. E., Auerbach, R. P., & Barzilay, R. (2024). Probing the digital exposome: associations of social media use patterns with youth mental health. NPP – digital psychiatry and neuroscience, 2, 5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44277-024-00006-9

Parent, M. C., Bond, B. J., Wille, L., & Green, A. E. (2024). Parasocial relationships, AI chatbots, and joyful online interactions among a diverse sample of LGBTQ+ young people. Hopelab. https://assets.hopelab.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/HL_ParasocialRelationships_report_FINALpdf.pdf 

Rideout, V., & Fox, S. (2018). Digital Health Practices, Social Media Use, and Mental Well-Being Among Teens and Young Adults in the U.S. https://hopelab.org/reports/pdf/a-national-survey-by-hopelab-and-well-being-trust-2018.pdf

Tao, X., & Fisher, C. (2023). Associations among web-based civic engagement and discrimination, web-based social support, and mental health and substance use risk among LGBT youth: cross-sectional survey study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25, e46604. https://doi.org/10.2196/46604   

The Trevor Project. (2023). Research Brief: LGBTQ Young People of Color in Online Spaces. The Trevor Project. https://www.thetrevorproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/The-Trevor-Project_LGBTQ-Young-People-of-Color-in-Online-Spaces.pdf 

Thorn. (2024). Youth Perspectives on Online Safety, 2023. Available at: https://info.thorn.org/hubfs/Research/ Thorn_23_YouthMonitoring_Report.pdf  

Ybarra, M. L., Mitchell, K. J., Palmer, N. A., & Reisner, S. L. (2015). Online social support as a buffer against online and offline peer and sexual victimization among US LGBT and non-LGBT youth. Child Abuse & Neglect, 39, 123-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.08.006